Brazil, 1630-1720: territorial expansion, slavery, economic booms and busts
Territorial defense and expansion
- Exploration up the Amazon to Quito, 1637-39
- Dutch seize North/Northeast Brazil, 1624-1654
Slavery
- slave trade increased in 17th c; boomed in 18th
- slavery as foundation of Brazilian colonial economy: sugar, gold and diamond mining, agriculture, textiles, crafts and transportation
- resistance: Palmares and the martyrdom of Zumbi
Booms (gold, diamonds in Minas Gerais) and busts (sugar to 1720)
- Gold (Ouro Preto, MG), 1693-1770
- Diamonds (Diamantina, MG), 1725-